The core of the Python data model architecture is special methods (also known as "magic methods"). These methods, which start and end with double underscores, such as __init__, __getitem__, and __len_ ...

Mypy, Pytype, Pyright, and Pyre can help you keep your type-hinted Python code bug-free. Let’s see what each of these useful tools has to offer. In the beginning, Python had no type decorations. That ...